More Prosperous Environment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1344 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Modest Proposal Essay Did you like this example? It is bitter for me to think of those who sleep without a floor, but are thankful for the blanket they found on the side of the street, while others complain that the silk their butlers dressed their bed with is simply too inexpensive. One wakes up at the crack of dawn to pick apples for a farmer that only pays their mother five dollars a day. Another lays in bed on their brand new iPhone, waiting for their maid to make them breakfast. When the people of the United States bear witness to such great selfishness in the face of so much need, it creates an environment of anger and hurt. Why is it that those with the most contribute the least to society, and harm it in the greatest capacity? There are boys and girls in dirty clothes sitting on the sidewalk and begging for change as the top one percenters walk by carrying more in their wallet than the children will hold in their lives. This wealth divide is unnecessary and so incredibly harmful to those who have nothing, as their assets continue to be squandered and tucked away by those with too much to spend. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "More Prosperous Environment" essay for you Create order This is the reality of both ends of the wealth spectrum, with the top one percent making around $700,000 a year, and the bottom one percent earning anywhere from two to sixteen dollars a day, as shown by How Much Income Puts You in the Top 1%, 5%, 10%? written by Julia Kagan on Investopedia, and The Bottom 1% by Rebecca J. Rosen on The Atlantic. Those with nothing are forced to live a life undeniably distanced from the American Dream, while those with everything have the need for nothing but the want for more. While many countries have issues with wealth inequality, facts published on Inequality.org under Wealth Inequality in the United States reveal that The United States exhibits wider disparities of wealth between rich and poor than any other major developed nation. This gives even more reason for the focus to be on America, for if we can diminish the wealth gap here, it can be diminished everywhere. This issue of wealth inequality has been a focus of mine for nearly two decades, and after getting two doctorates from Harvard University, one in Wealth Inequality and another in The Study of the Spectrum, I feel prepared to involve myself with the solution. I have always been fascinated by this divide and eager to find a remedy, having been born into the bottom one percent and making my way into the top one percent by the age of 35, a sort of phenomena in the current day and age. I have experienced the entire spectrum, and I have seen the ramifications such great wealth or lack thereof has on people of all ages. I want to better the world, and I have prepared myself to do so concerning wealth inequality and its continuously widening gap. In an article published on Pew Research Center and entitled, Americas wealth gap between middle-income and upper-income families is widest on record Richard Fry and Rakesh Kochhar state that In 2013, the median wealth of the nations upper-income families ($639,400) was nearly seven times the median wealth of middle-income families ($96,500), the widest wealth gap seen in 30 years when the Federal Reserve began collecting these data. It is currently at an all time high, and this divide seems not to be lessening anytime soon. This is data for upper-income families as a whole, not just the top one percent, signifying the even greater gap between the one percent wings. Because those in the top one percent have so much and those in the bottom one percent have so little, the spectrum is stretched thinner than this report even demonstrates. The wealth gap in America is a pressing issue, and if not addressed and treated presently, its chance to be remedied may pass altogether. As a woman of great knowledge and power, please allow me to humbly propose my respectful plan to successfully minimize the wealth gap in the United States. I believe this is a problem easily fixed by shipping off the top and bottom one percent in terms of wealth. This immigration would occur in waves of one million, with a total of about 6.5 million residing in Africa by the completion of this mission. This would immediately shrink the wealth gap, for it is virtually cutting off both ends, but it would also allow for economic mobility and spread of wealth and resources. This is because 6.5 million people no longer need the resources that they once did, such as food, shelter, and money. The top one percent owns so much of Americas wealth, the entire population could reach a level of comfortable living if the wealth was distributed equally. Because Africas climate is changing so quickly and its population is drastically decreasing from fleeing citizens, there will be plenty of room for the new 6.5 million inhabitants that have no means of return and have lost all assets. I am in no means trying to adopt the persona of the infamous Polish leader, Anzelm Babinski. Whenever I think of him sending his top and bottom one percent to a giant fish tank filled with piranhas, I shriek in horror. A truly wicked man would have to come up with a plan as atrocious as that, and a truly wicked man Babinski is. His inhumanity seems too have come from a lack of education and care, both of which I have a bountiful supply. Let us move forward, as I begin to humbly explain why this plan would lessen wealth inequality in the United States. Firstly, the amount of homelessness would be all but eliminated on the streets of America. The distribution of wealth and newly available housing would allow for all to reside peacefully and work towards regaining their life, unless of course they prefer being homeless. Secondly, hunger would no longer plague the lower-income families, as the plentiful resources now available will be used to ensure that everyone is well fed and has enough nutrition to perform well in all tasks. Thirdly, the elimination of the wealthiest in our nation would leave room for new opportunities for those who may previously have never had the opportunity to make something of themselves. Jobs would be opened in abundance, and those that used to have to wait behind the people with the multi-thousand dollar watches would now have no line. Fourthly, this elimination of the top one percent would include Donald Trump, the current President of the United States who happens to have majored in Buffoonery. His absence would hurt none and benefit all, allowing the United States to regain its composure and act on matters that are truly important. While I could continue with the advantages my plan encompasses for hours, I will stop here for the sake of brevity. This is simply my proposal, but the remainder of my 1,000 page plan is being published shortly. I feel insulted when people offer suggestions for my plan, such as increasing savings for those with low and moderate incomes in America. They also suggest that the top 1 percent and especially the top 0.1 percent be taxed a higher amount, with that money given to those in the middle and lower class, for they are the people putting money back into the economy. These proposals could never work, and it is atrocious to even consider their ability to slowly heal the gap. As I write this I begin to reminisce on my times in America, for I have made my way to the top one percent, and will therefore be included in the immigration. Along with myself, my family continues to reside in the bottom one percent and will too be shipped off. My proposal is humble and selfless, for I have learned that the world does not improve through greed. I wish to make the world a better place, and through this plan it will finally become the American Dream that it has always been idealized as for everyone.

Just Business Christian Ethics For The Marketplace

Just Business: Christian Ethics for the Marketplace. By Alexander Hill. IVP Academic; Revised edition (January 10, 2008), 276pp., $11.29 Paper. Chanel Mahone Alexander Hill’s Christian Ethics for the Marketplace in my view point focuses on ethics as it relates to business which also includes the Christian element. Hill outlines the scripturally grounded ethical structure of holiness, justice, and love for business practices. Hill also connects his Christian ethic to the dominant methods of ethical practice in the world of business. Lastly, Hill uses the analysis of case studies in lieu of his proposed Christian ethic. Although questions in regards to ethical behaviors remain conclusively unanswered, several find ethical structure valuable when dealing with difficult situations. Hill begins by suggesting holiness is a significant component of an ethical lifestyle. He debates that the meaning of holiness consists of four parts which include zeal for God, purity, accountabili ty, and humility. Hill writes, â€Å"The crucial point is that holiness is fundamentally about priorities. So long as a business is a means of honoring God rather than an end in itself, the concept of holiness is not violated.† (p. 25) In short, business involves more than a competition around the highest profits. Therefore when holiness is a priority of a businessman, the business is then reoriented around effectiveness for others and not solely around making money. Hill also points out thatShow MoreRelatedJust Business Christian Ethics For The Marketplace1575 Words   |  7 Pagespoint of view (Wikipedia 2014). Worldview includes, ontology, what we believe to be reality and epistemology, how we come to know reality. Hill’s identifies his worldview as theism. This is evidenced by the title of his book â€Å"Just Business-Christian Ethics for the Marketplace†. In this book he defines good as a balance of holiness, justice and love. If each of these is areas is met the decision is moral. Badaracco, in comparison, points out in his title â€Å"Leading Quietly-An Unorthodox Guide to DoingRead MoreJust Business Christian Ethics For The Marketplace1578 Words   |  7 Pagespoint of view (Wikipedia 2014). Worldview includes, ontology, what we believe to be reality and epistemology, how we come to know reality. Hill’s identifies his worldview as theism. This is evidenced by the title of his book â€Å"Just Business-Christian Ethics for the Marketplace†. In this book he defines good as a balance of holiness, justice and love. If each of these is areas is met the decision is moral. Badaracco, in comparison, points out in his title â€Å"Leading Quietly-An Unorthodox Guide to DoingRead MoreEthical Approaches Critique Paper1118 Words   |  5 PagesApproaches XXX XXXUniversity Instructor: XXX Course Name: XXX Date: XXX This paper summarizes each of ethical approaches, especially the Grand Principles, Nash’s Covenantal Business Ethic, Damon’s Four Dimensions of Business Morality, and Hill’s (2008) Christian Ethic for Business. Also, this paper critiques each of them through analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of approaches. Finally, the most favor approach is provided at the end. The Grand Principles which areRead MoreMarketing Management and Faith Integration Essay719 Words   |  3 PagesMarketing Management and Faith Integration There are many Bible verses that relate to business character. Many of them speak of honesty and integrity in business actions. Character is defined as the combination of a person’s ethical and moral qualities, and it is shown through the choices we make. Therefore, as a business owner or decision maker, one needs to consider the impacts the decision may have on others and the community and not be hasty in making the quick decision that may have negativeRead MoreThe Aspects Of Business Ethics1435 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of this semester, we have covers several aspects of business ethics. I will be covering Chapter 11, Diversity and Discrimination, to break down discrimination, equal opportunity, and affirmative action. I served in the military for 13 years, and there are regulations that pertain to these three topics. The Armed Forces is a very diverse organization, and all entities stress regulations and procedures when it comes to equal opportunity. 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Christian ethics ground the moral framework of her argument and extend responsibility onto the church community to address concerns of globalization. The materialist standpoint refers to the dualism in Christian ethics o f the physical and material experience of humans. That is to say that Peters has more concern for the spiritual effectsRead MoreTheories And Frameworks Of Csr1315 Words   |  6 PagesTherefore, Edward Freeman (1984), proposed stakeholder theory and recognised it as an important element of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). This theory states that an organisation owes a responsibility to a wider group of stakeholders, other than just shareholders. In order to succeed and be sustainable over time, executives must keep the interests of employees, customers, suppliers, communities and shareholders aligned and going in the same direction. (Freeman, E. R., 1984) Stakeholder theoryRead MoreBribery: Ethics and Business1767 Words   |  8 PagesBribery and corruption is a way of life in many countries. These practices affect the way international business is regularly conducted. However, in most of these countries, it is illegal to offer or receive bribes or engage in corrupt practices. Yet corrupt practices are a part of the ‘culture’ of ‘doing businesses. Unless companies ‘conform’ to such practices, in many cases, international business cannot be transacted. This essay will attempt to provide discussion about bribery and corruption inRead MoreIntegration Of Faith And Learning2141 Words   |  9 Pagesmillion each week (Target, 2016). The Christian worldview holds that one is to honor God by serving others. The scriptures in the Bible teach Christians to act out of kindness, to give unto others, and to treat others as they would like to be treated. Acts 20:35 â€Å"In everything I did, I showed you that by this kind of hard work we must help the weak, remembering the words the Lord Jesus himself said: ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive’† (NIV). Christians can serve others by reaching out to

Physiological Analysis of a Female Tennis Player - Sample

Question: Discuss about the Physiological Analysis of A Female Tennis Player? Answer: Introduction: This article deals with the Physiological Analysis Of A Female Tennis Player. Mac (a pseudonym) is a 15 year old female tennis player. She is rated among the top-5 national player in this year. She has been taking part in many national, international and pre-qualifying tournaments. This athlete undergoes a number of physiological assessments before an international level tournament. Different physiological test that this athlete has to satisfy includes body composition, sub maximal and peak oxygen uptake and the key variables associated with the maximal sprinting. The main problem that a tennis player often faces during the sports time is fall in Adenosine Tri-phosphate (ATP). This leads to the scarcity of energy causes a contraction in muscle. Therefore, this tennis player requires some energy systems in order to keep fit during the match time. Different energy systems that are required to replace ATP in the muscle are Anaerobic and Aerobic. Moreover, this anaerobic energy system ca n be classified into two categories: Alactic Phosphocreatine (This action lasts 0 -15 sec) and Lactic Anaerobic Glycolysis (This action lasts 15 -20 sec). The six essential fitness components that a tennis player required are aerobic fitness, flexibility, Strength, speed, body fat and agility. The characteristics of the player who is chosen for the sports physiological assessment is described now. The percentage of fat in the body of this player is 27.8%. The weight of the player is 56.3 kg. The height of the player is 157cm. The player is 15years old and the player is female (Ausport.gov.au, 2015). Analysis: The physiology of a sports person can be assessed by different test procedure. These tests are blood lactate testing, anthropometric testing, blood sample and handling, flexibility assessment, VO2 max testing and the last one is strength and power testing. To win in a sports match, the pre-requirement of a sports person is to keep active and faster throughout the match time. Every athletic wants to lose fat to keep fit all the time and for this they need to do regular exercise. However what particular exercise an athlete will do depends on the different characteristics of the athlete. The result of lactate testing helps the athlete to determine the appropriate exercise for them. It is better than the heart rate. The value of the lactate test supports the player to intensify its power and strength through appropriate training exercise. Lactate is produced by the muscle even at the leisure time. The amount of lactate increases with the intensity of the exercise. When this lactate value rose exponentially, this means that the exercise that the athlete is doing exceeds lactate threshold (LT). The lactate threshold value is 4.4 mmol/L of lactate. The breakdown of energy will be rapid above this level of LT whereas the athlete can retain its strengths and power up to one hour if the value of lactate in the blood sample remains below the above mentioned LT value. Since the athlete is a trained person already, therefore the normal value of LT generally fall between 70% and 80% of the max heart rate. The report of the lactate testing provides the reports that the amount of lactate in the blood sample 3.4 mmol/L and it is approx. 75% of the max heart rate. Lactate testing is also useful to rectify the intensity of interval training. The anthropometric test is used to measure the body size, composition and structure of the human body of a sportsperson. These factors are important for a sportsperson as any change in these factors may effects the performance of the sportspe rson. The winning condition of a sports person generally depends on the different characteristics of the body of a sportsperson. The body sizes for example whether the sports person is tall or short, the body composition for example whether the body is fatty or not matters significantly on the performance of the sports person. Body composition of a sports person can be tested using different test procedures like skin fold measurement, girth measurement, hydrodensitometry, bioelectric impedence etc(International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2015). Among these results, anthropometric test provides the accurate result. The result of this anthropometric test provides that height of the player is 157cm and the weight of the player is 56.3 kg. According to this result the percentage of the body fat is 27.8%. The main objective of a sports person is to keep fit all the time. The sports persons are often requested to keep a periodic logbook of the blood test. The blood test of an individual provides the overall health condition of that individual. The tennis player may get help from this blood sample during the design of its training and physiology time. The factors that are generally checked through the blood test are total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, inflammation, blood sugar, liver enzymes, kidney biomarkers, Vitamin D level, carbon-di-oxide level, blood count,folate,B12,DHEA,testosterone and different metabolic hormones like insulin, cortisol. The test results shows whether the person take appropriate food and medicines, whether the individual take enough leisure time, whether the training and exercise the individual does is appropriate for its health or not, whether the individual needs any change both in his food habit and exercise training programme(Labtestsonline.org, 2015). According to the result of blood test the total cholesterol is 180mg/dL, the triglycerides is 150mg/dL, HDL is 60mg/dL, blood sugar is 80mg/dL, creatinine is 0. 6mg/dL, chloride is 104mEq/L, bilirubin is 0.4mg/dL, AST is 30IU/L, alkaline phosphates is 130IU/L, albumin is 4.5g/dL. The fitness of a sportsperson is an important factor. The flexibility of a sports person can be determined using different methods. These methods can be classified again into two parts- Indirect method and direct method. The indirect method involves Sit and reaches test, V-sit test, Floor Touch test, Groin flexibility test, calf muscle flexibility test and trunk rotation test. On the other hand, direct test includes 90/90(AKE) hamstring test, straight Leg raise and Modified Thomas Test(Mackenzie, 2015). These test procedures are evaluated using Goniometer and Flexometer(Rhinofitness.ca, 2015). According to the flexibility test, the individual tennis player has fair flexibility. The VO2 of a sports person has been defined as the maximum amount of oxygen the person can intake at the time of doing exercise. The value of the VO2 max helps to determine the health condit ion of the person. High value of VO2 implies that the person has a good health condition. The VO2 of a person can be increased by more intense exercise. The VO2 of a sports person can be tested using 2.4km run test, Astrand Treadmill test, Astrand 6 minutes cycle test, Balke VO2 max test, Balke Incremental Treadmill protocol test, Wheelchair VO2 max test,VO2 max step test etc. According to the test result of VO2 max test procedures the VO2 of this female athlete is 3.5litre/minute. The performance of a sportsperson mostly depends on its speed and strength during the match time. Therefore it can be said that these two components are important component of the sports life of a tennis player. Different tests are performed to check the actual power and strength of the tennis player. Jumping and Running test, Throwing and hitting test are done to measure the muscular power. On the other hand, sprint test, cycling 40m sprint test, swimming 100m test, plate tapping test are used to check t he actual strength of the tennis player. According to the result of these power and strength test the tennis player has moderate strength and high power. Conclusion: The performance of a tennis player in a match depends mostly on the anthropometric characteristics of that player. Any difference in this characteristics leads to the variation in the performance when it is compared to the other persons. The anthropometric characteristics of an individual sports person can be defined as a study of the human body characteristics of that person relative to other person. This comparison is necessary to improve the performance of that particular tennis player. It is known that, how well the tennis player who is the subject of this case study performs in a match depends upon her physical fitness and strength and flexibility. The physical fitness and other components in turn depend on the condition of health of the player at that time, the height and weight of the player and also the percentage of the body fat. A survey was conducted to check the overall characteristics of the tennis player relative to other tennis player. From that survey report it can be observed that, the tennis player has relatively higher body fat than other players. Also the weight of the tennis player is more than other players. These relatively high weight and body fat affects her fitness and strength during the match time. The player has undergoes different physiological test. According to the results of that report, the player has moderate flexibility, speed and strength but these are still lower than those of other sports persons. Therefore it can be said that, to improve the performance of the tennis player she needs to reduce these gaps of anthropometric characteristics. For this improvement, a specific training programme is necessary which includes on-court drills, high intensity interval training, repeated sprint and control training. It is expected that, these training program will help her to increase his fitness and place her in a winning condition in any match(Sport-fitness-advisor.com, 2015). Introduction: The case study in this assignment deals with a 15 years old female tennis player Mac, ranked among the top 5 players of the year. The study focuses on the various physiological assessments she undergoes to take part in the international tournaments. The athlete is compared with 15 other athletes whose detailed physical characteristics is provided. Since, the athlete in the case study is preparing for participation in international sports events; she needs to have a standard health and very high level of physical fitness status. This study thus emphasize on the assessments of her physical fitness traits and providence of the necessary nutrition to ensure her possession of a good health. Considering the critical aspects as body fat, weight, height, age and gender of Mac, the relevant diet chart is provided for the athlete. In this section the diet and nutrition is analyzed and relevant information is provided. It is highly significant to ensure the consumption of a healthy and suitable diet for Mac, to optimize the sports performance of the athlete. As per the view of Hooda et al. (2014), diet is highly important to drive us towards consuming foods that can provide individuals with the necessary 6 essential nutrients. These include minerals, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins and water. Relevant variety of diet consumption ensures the required amount of nutrients for the individual that facilitate efficient health and weight management, an essential aspect for the athletes. Sufficient amount of carbohydrates and fat are very important for the athletes to achieve peak performance (Nutrition.org.uk, 2015). Correct amount of water consumption is also essential to avoid dehydration, muscle cramping and fatigue thus decreasing the risk of heat stroke. A diet retrieving 70% of the calories from carbohydrates is preferable. The adequate amount of fluid intake is a very important nutritional r equirement to improve performance (Better Health Channel, 2015). Analysis of the diet with respect to metabolic pathways involved The diet prescribed for the specific male athlete 35 years old, requires including the relevant amount of proteins, carbohydrates and mineral proportions to ensure the availability of sufficient energy for delivering a good performance. As stated by ((Better Health Channel, 2015)), the healthy diet not only provides the necessary nutrients but also helps in preventing adverse health effects as well. The 7 days diet chart provided in the current study for the male athlete highlights the high intake of calories by the individual which is subsequently balanced through a gap of a day with lower calorie intake. As conveyed by (Cengage.com, 2015) (), the high energy requirement for the athletes can be considered as the reason for prescribing such high calorie consuming diet for him. She can therefore benefit from this diet by acquiring sufficient energy to perform well in his sports event. However, at the same time the diet chart shows relevant exercise routines are suggested for specified hours of time to balance the energy intake. The exercise routine includes swimming, weight training, running and cycling. The diet shows a limited intake of protein consumption for the athlete. The fats, protein and CHO intake of the individual seems restricted. It is beneficial for the athlete as higher protein intake can prove detrimental for the individual (Endmemo.com, 2015). Higher rate of kidney problems are evident with persons consuming excess proteins. Balanced fluid intake is evident through the diet chart that helps the athletes to prevent the high risk of dehydration to which they are exposed extensively. The fluid intake of the concerned 35 years old male athlete seems to be sufficiently appropriate in regards to his energy expense. The fluid need for an individual is related to the energy expenditure of the person. Consumption of fluids in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 ml is considered optimal (Extension.iastate.edu, 2015). The diet chart shows the fluid consumption of the male athlete within this range. Therefore, it is clear that the diet is efficient to drive the athlete towards a healthy lif estyle. Research conducted by (Insel, Turner and Ross, 2007), highlighted the issues associated with the foods containing high carbohydrate contents. There are many food items that are considered to be highly nutritious. However, consumption of such food products can prove beneficial to some people while it may prove highly detrimental to the other persons. The exact timing of the consumption of the food is highly important. As asserted by (Men's Fitness, 2015), many foods are of such property that acts as beneficial when taken at a particular time while acts detrimental when consumed at another time. Consideration of such foods and preparing the diet chart accordingly is highly essential. Therefore, the current diet chart for the athlete needs to be implemented exactly with strict follow up of the time of food consumption to achieve maximum beneficial result for the person. (0 however, argue that consideration of the composition of the food stuffs is most important to ensure a highly releva nt and beneficial diet and nutrition for an athlete. The training aspects highlighted in the diet chart given in the study are necessary to be considered deeply. As per the opinion of, (Pearsonhighered.com, 2015) the training is vital for ensuring a continuous fitness of the athlete, which is the most significant criteria for any sportsperson. The training methods highlighted in this diet chart for the 35 years old male athlete comprising of cycling, front crawl swimming, running, etc are quiet appropriate to meet the objective of expending the required amount of energy and achieving the preferred level of fitness. However, at the same time, there is always the risk of developing genetic deficiencies or infections from the environment or other people around (Services.cengage.com, 2015). This diet chart lacks the aspect of going for a health check up regularly at fixed time intervals. It may lead to the problem of acquiring disease that have minimum or no appearing symptoms in the initial stages but cause serious detriments to health later on. The individual needs to access a thorough health check up at regular intervals to ensure the early identification of any disease or risk to any concerning infection or disease. It will not only help him to maintain a good health status but also avoid several potential dangers to his health. Implications for appraisal and programming for training modification to avail and utilize nutrient substrates Nutrition and training are highly interconnected. Best adaptation to the demands of repeated training session requires a proper diet which can maintain muscle energy reserves. As nutrient stores play the most important role in the performance of athlete, it helps them to perform prolonged intense exercise and also in refill of energy for further exercises. Programming with respect to utilization of nutrition is to plan or prepare a diet chart by the trainer for all athletes who will make sure that the entire athlete people must get a proper diet so that they can intensely perform their prolonged exercise and they can also have enough energy to perform further exercise. A diet plan for athletes includes all the necessary nutrients which are provided to them at particular times. The more the athletes are trained more availability of nutrient substrate are required so a planned programming is a very crucial part in training process, so that all the athletes could get a proper and comple te diet . a balanced meal comprises of mostly carbohydrates which we get from the grains, vegetable, fruits etc . it consist of few serving of protein , milk and meat has a high amount of protein, most meals which are served have less oil and fat . Many meals are in form of fluid like milk, water or juice. As more training is provided to the athlete more nutrient availability is also important. So programming and appraisal is an important factor as it will supply complete amount of nutrient to the entire athlete. Appraisal of performance can be done by analyzing the athlete body weight, nutrient deficiency etc so by documenting each player deficiency of nutrient as well as each athlete daily energy consumption due to the exercise can give an complete idea of the amount of nutrient which is to be supplied to the athlete in his/ her meals so that the player can replenish the energy consumed. And even a budget plan of the complete can be done with the help of complete documentation, that if an athlete is deficient of carbohydrate then his meals will be rich in carbohydrate. To overcome the deficiency, similarly there may be some players who are allergic to specific food such as lactate intolerance so they can be supplied with meats in meals so that they get enough amount of protein. So im plementing appraisal and programming with a proper health details chart of the player can help in improving the availability and utilization of nutrient. Second is appointing nutritionist to monitor that are the players getting sufficient nutrition. Monitoring the programme will increase the efficacy of the training. Thus this programming will enhance the complete dietary program. Change in dietary intake will also alter the concentration of hormones and blood borne nutrient this will in turn regulate a short-term macronutrient oxidative as well as the storage of skeletal muscle. These are the two ways of improving dietary plans(Time-to-run.com, 2015). Application of practical analysis of energy intake and expense of the concerned individual on other athletes: Although tennis plays is a very popular racket game .male tennis player usually have a significantly high energy intake than the female Mac being a tennis player had higher intakes of energy in comparison to male control i.e. 14.5% higher than control males, with respect to protein 21.2% higher intake than female, fat (18.9%), carbohydrate (18.9%), iron (14.3%), zinc(2.5%). Even the RDA% is higher in tennis player than control with regards to fat, iron, protein. However the intake of energy was comparable in case of female. The distribution of energy percentage which was derived from the macronutrient is significantly high in case of tennis players carbohydrates form 58-60% of the complete energy intake, fats which contributes 29% and proteins contributes 12- 13%.Thus in Mac s case he is not prescribed with high amount of proteins and carbohydrates. According the food diet chart Mac was having 1200ml of fluid a day(Shirley Gerrior, 2006). Energy expenditure Tennis is generally considered an irregular sport, that comprise short periods of (4 - 10 s) of action interspersed with small active revival durations of (10 - 20) and it also comprises of long passive healing bouts of (60 - 90 s). However sometimes matches can even last for more than 3 hours but actual time of match is only 15% of the total match. Predictable energy expenditure throughout tennis play for between 1-5+ h for men can range from 2.72 0.44 MJ to 13.58 2.19 MJ that is (649 kcal 105 to 3244 kcal 524). Thus from the above analysis some improvements like including protein in the diet chart can give a better result to others. Energy balance that is the relation between the energy expenditure and energy intake is a crucial concept for health of human. Weight plays a very crucial role in energy intake and energy expenditure. Body morphology that is if the athlete is overweight there will be increase in energy intake as well as there will be reduction in energy expenditure(Shirley Gerrior, 2006). Summary and conclusion: Here the sport chosen is tennis. Mac is a tennis player who is 56.3kg and his height is 157cm and he is playing football from last 15 years. The performance of a sportsperson completely depends on the strength and speed of the athlete. Numerous test are performed for Mac and resulted as follows, the flexibility test resulted in as fair flexibility. Mac has gone through anthropometric test also provides accurate result. In the second part analysis of the diet is done with the respect of metabolic pathways which is involved in complete utilization of variety of nutrient. And it highlighted the following areas through which analysis was done that are energy balance, carbohydrate, proteins, fats intake, and appropriate fluid intake. And according to all such the tennis player had a balanced fluid intake and fewer intakes of carbohydrates. It also highlighted the importance of implication of programming and appraisal which would help in utilization of substrate nutrient. Lastly it gave an idea about the interrelationship of energy intake and energy expenditure in human biology. References Ausport.gov.au, (2015).Sports Coach :: What Every Coach Should Know About Energy Systems. [online] Available at: https://www.ausport.gov.au/sportscoachmag/sports_sciences/what_every_coach_should_know_about_energy_systems [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Better Health Channel, (2015).Sporting performance and food - Better Health Channel. [online] Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Sporting_performance_and_food?open [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Cengage.com, (2015).Diet Analysis Plus - Digital Course Support | Cengage Learning. [online] Available at: https://www.cengage.com/tlconnect/client/product/findProduct.do?productId=31 [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Diet, 1., Eating?, T., Foods, T., Know, 5. and Workouts, H. (2015).Calorie Calculator | ACTIVE. [online] ACTIVE.com. Available at: https://www.active.com/fitness/calculators/calories [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Diet, 1., Eating?, T., Foods, T., Know, 5. and Workouts, H. (2015).Calorie Calculator | ACTIVE. [online] ACTIVE.com. Available at: https://www.active.com/fitness/calculators/calories [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Endmemo.com, (2015).Calorie Intake Daily Calculator -- EndMemo. [online] Available at: https://www.endmemo.com/medical/dailycalorie.php [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Evidencemag.com, (2015). [online] Available at: https://evidencemag.com/calorie-needs/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Ext.colostate.edu, (2015).Nutrition for the Athlete. [online] Available at: https://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09362.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Extension.iastate.edu, (2015).Training Diet | Human Sciences. [online] Available at: https://www.extension.iastate.edu/humansciences/content/training-diet [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Haugen, D. and Musser, S. (2012).Nutrition. Detroit: Greenhaven Press/Gale Cengage Learning International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. (2015). . Insel, P., Turner, R. and Ross, D. (2007).Nutrition. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Men's Fitness, (2015).9 Foods an Athlete Would Never Eat. [online] Available at: https://www.mensfitness.com/nutrition/9-foods-an-athlete-would-never-eat [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Nhs.uk, (2015).Food for sport and exercise - Live Well - NHS Choices. [online] Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/Sport.aspx [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Nutrition.org.uk, (2015).Energy intake and expenditure - British Nutrition Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/energy/energy-intake-and-expenditure.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Pearsonhighered.com, (2015).MyDietAnalysis. [online] Available at: https://www.pearsonhighered.com/mydietanalysis/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Precision Nutrition, (2009).All About Energy Balance | Precision Nutrition. [online] Available at: https://www.precisionnutrition.com/all-about-energy-balance [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Labtestsonline.org, (2015).Labtestsonline.org : The Complete Blood Count Sample Report. [online] Available at: https://labtestsonline.org/assets/static-pages/SampleCBC.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Mackenzie, B. (2015).Treadmill VO2 max Test. [online] Brianmac.co.uk. Available at: https://www.brianmac.co.uk/treadmill.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Rhinofitness.ca, (2015).Lactate testing; How it's done - Rhino Fitness. [online] Available at: https://rhinofitness.ca/articles/article_lactate_testing.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Sport-fitness-advisor.com, (2015).Energy Systems in Sport Exercise. [online] Available at: https://www.sport-fitness-advisor.com/energysystems.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Sports-training-adviser.com, (2015).Sports Physiology and Anatomy. [online] Available at: https://www.sports-training-adviser.com/sportsphysiology.html [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Topendsports.com, (2015).Anthropometric Tests. [online] Available at: https://www.topendsports.com/testing/anthropometry.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Topendsports.com, (2015).VO2 max test. [online] Available at: https://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/VO2max.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015).VO2 max. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VO2_max [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015].. Services.cengage.com, (2015).Diet Analysis Plus Digital Course Support Engagement Services - Cengage Learning. [online] Available at: https://services.cengage.com/dcs/dietanalysisplus/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Shirley Gerrior, B. (2006). An Easy Approach to Calculating Estimated Energy Requirements.Preventing Chronic Disease, [online] 3(4). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1784117/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Soccerperformance.org, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.soccerperformance.org/specialtopics/energyexpenditure.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015]. Time-to-run.com, (2015).How to calculate the Energy available from foods. [online] Available at: https://www.time-to-run.com/nutrition/calculate-energy.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2015].

Managing Human Resources Employees Motivation

Question: Discuss about theManaging Human Resourcesfor Employees Motivation. Answer: Introduction A companys overall success depends on employees motivation to work. An employee with the high level of motivation delivers high performance. Also, every worker wants their efforts to be recognised. Mc Donalds Corporation, which is recognised as largest fast food restaurant implements various strategies to motivate and retain its employees such as rewards and recognition scheme. In the context of the given case study, the essay discusses how the recognition scheme supports McDonald's culture and attracts future leaders. It also discusses the theories supporting this scheme. The essay further highlights that why this recognition scheme cannot be applied to the workers in the non-profit organisation. Mc Donald develops its future leaders with its strong culture. It has built a culture of focusing on people through recognition scheme. The high return on investment is due to its investment in people which is reflected in the high quality customer service, better run operations, cleanliness and quality product (Bartlomiejczuk, 2015). This culture is supported by the recognition scheme of McDonald. It is this power of recognition that helped the company to win outstanding achievers award at the corporate level. The company conducts formal annual events as well as develop programs that operate at both corporate and restaurant level. The company has the program for recognising its crew members for their best performance. The employees with significant contribution are nominated by the senior managers and are in turn approved by the senior management team. Employees are motivated by formally recognising them in from of their peers at the bi-annual staff meeting. The employees are awarde d gift voucher of $500 or are recognised as the employee of the month (Karin et al., 2014). Thus, this recognition scheme supports the companys strong recognition culture. This recognition scheme according to L?z?roiu (2015) is fresh and exciting. Introducing appealing schemes for employees the key to maximising the employee's motivation. Azeem (2016), stated that the employee of the month scheme introduce by McDonald into itsOlympic Champion Crew (OCC) initiative has won Most motivational benefits at the Employee Benefits Awards 2013. It can be argued that the recognition scheme is supporting the companys culture that is underpinned by strategies People, products, place, price and promotion. When the employees are appreciated they perform beyond what is expected of them and in turn becomes more productive. Consequently, it may decrease the staff turnover and increase their retention. This scheme attracts future leaders because the employees feel that their hard work is valued. Moreover, this tiny act does not cost huge but give lasting impact such as the increase in staff morale, loyalty, and build supportive work environment (Shields et al., 2015). B ased on the survey conducted on the managers of McDonald, it was found that most of them feel that there are favourable career opportunities and hence support the training and development programs. The culture in McDonalds is highly prevalent as an extrinsic element for creating the motivating work environment for the employees (Emerson Prang, 2016). Hence, such policies and scheme promote a strong team spirit which helps in attracting and maintaining a pool of potential leaders. However, there is also a flipside to this recognition scheme. According to Emerson and Prang (2016), there is a risk of allegation and favouritism when the management selects an employee for recognition. Azeem (2016), argued that this scheme may lead to fractions and discords within the workforce. It has negative implications if members of the same family work together in a company. That may lead to interpersonal conflicts breaking the company's strong culture. Further, by limiting the employee recognition to one occurrence per year may stifle the willingness of the employees to continuously strive for excellence. Also, the lack of funds may turn the employee recognition scheme unproductive. For example, an employee who has managed to increase the number of customer in the store and maximised the productivity does not deserve a simple computer generated the certificate or $500 which the employee end up spending too soon. Therefore, cash is not always the best idea. Instead, the recog nition program should be fair about the potential in each employee and must be based on the job duties. Bartlomiejczuk (2015), suggested team wise or group rewards are better than the individual rewards for building strong team spirit. Though the rewards scheme allows deciding the pay package for the employees, it is not prudent, and it should come during the performance review time else it may cause dissension among the employees. McDonalds recognition scheme can be supported by the Expectancy theory. According to Purvis et al. (2015), the expectancy theory or the process theory proposes that the work motivation depends on the association between the performance and the outcomes. An employee thus modifies his or her behaviour based on the anticipated outcomes circulated in the company. It means that if a person is performing to a particular level, it is because of the leaders in the workplace who has created motivational programs. According to the Expectancy theory, an individual is motivated due to three variables including "expectancy, instrumentality and valence" (Miner, 2015). Expectancy refers to the belief that performance will increase with increased effort. Instrumentality refers to the belief that valued outcome can be achieved by performing well. Valance refers to the value that individual places on the expected outcome (Bridger, 2014). Thus, if an employee is expecting and believes that his desires will be fulfilled in the form of reward, then it is sure to improve his motivation. Therefore, the expectancy theory is the foundation for the leaders to build the better understanding of ways to motivate the subordinates (Nadolny Ryan, 2015). Bartlomiejczuk (2015) argued that this theory is the process theory of motivation because it is due to the personal expectation that emphasises the staffs perception of the environment which consequently leads to subsequent interactions. An advantage of expectancy theory is that it is not about the self-interest in recognition and rewards rather about the associations made by the people towards expected outcome and the contributions they are willing to make towards that outcome. Therefore, this theory supports the recognition scheme of McDonalds. However, expectancy theory may not always support the recognition scheme. The theory assumes that it is the conscious choices among the alternatives with the purpose to minimise the pain and maximise the pleasure that gives rise to the particular behaviour (Povod et al., 2016). This assumption was argued by many authors. Since the theory works on perceptions, it may not imply for every individual. It is not necessary that every individual will perceive the benefits to be enough for their motivation (Bang et al., 2012). For example, if an individual places the high value on money, then it is highly likely that the individual is motivated by monetary benefits. In such case, offering any other rewards to that person may not motivate him or her. Therefore, other offers given during recognition such as additional holidays, $500 or just a trophy may not satisfy the individual. Some of the researchers have argued that monetary rewards may increase extrinsic motivation where rewards are cont rolled by the external source. However, it may decrease the intrinsic motivation which naturally flows from the interesting work itself. McDonalds recognition scheme can also be supported by Adams equity theory. According to this theory a fair balance should strike between the employee's input and output to enhance work motivation. Input refers to employees hard work, skills, efforts whereas output refers to rewards and recognition (Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi, 2012). An employee is motivated if efforts given in the work are justified through benefits given by McDonald's. However, it may not always happen in an organisation. The perception of the employee and the mangers may not be same. For example, If McDonalds offer $500 to an employee it may not be justified if the staff member has worked hard enough to be paid more than this amount. An employee maybe demotivated if his ratio of input and output is less than the ratio of other employees giving same effort. It may appear as unfair treatment of the workers and their efforts causing demotivation ad burnout. Thus, this theory of motivation is applicable if McDonalds emphasis es on fairness that is the ratio of input and output rather than just recognising the performance. The McDonalds approach to management of human resources may not be directly applicable to the not-for-profit organisations such as Spastic Centre. The primary challenge for the leaders and managers in not-for-profit organisations include raising financial resources (Bang et al., 2012). These organisations implement the range of tactics for fundraising. The workers in this sector compete with those in profitable organisations but with financial incentives constraints. These organisations, therefore, recruit individuals who are highly motivated and excel in their performance. The individuals recruited are high qualified and are not dependent on monetary benefits. Their motivation is thus based on nonmonetary and humane goals. In the non-profit organisation, Hackman and Oldhamsjob characteristics model is dominant (Akingbola, 2013). It means that a workers motivation for the job is higher if it includes responsibility for the outcome of work, job meaningfulness, andawareness. The main i ntrinsic motivation for the work is job meaningfulness. The leaders thus motivate the workers using tools such as confidence, autonomy, and achievement. This refers to McGregors motivationTheory Y (?ahin, 2012). This is in contradiction with the rewards and recognition scheme followed by McDonald's and is deemed necessary for employee motivation. In the non-profit organisation, employees are self-motivated thus an external source of motivation is not necessary when compared to employees in for-profit organisation. This also refers to the stewardship theory of unquantifiable intrinsic motivation (Miner, 2015). The culture in the non-profit organisation is prevalent as a concept of empathy and association. In these organisations, there exist a relationship of loyalty, integrity, morale, and aspirations. Thus, there is a difference in the approaches of human resource management of the profit and the non-profit organisation. The former uses the external source to motivate employees whereas the later uses tools to strengthen inner motivation to work. There is a difference in the attitude of the workers in both types of organisation. In the non-profit organisation, the workers have the high level of social commitment, and the motivation is rooted in their altruistic attitudes. This attitude stems from the value based perspectives (Park Word, 2012). Therefore, McDonalds approach to employee motivation cannot be directly applied here as it gives external rewards whereas the pattern of motivation in non-profit employees is different. They do not tend to deliver high performance or gain greater satisfaction when offered external rewards. For them, the mission is an incentive and the vision and values of the organisation itself influence the level of motivation among the non-profit employee s (Akingbola, 2013). Agency theory is applicable in some non-profit organisations. This theory focuses on the stakeholders of the organisation and their divergent goals and interests. These interests and goals are aligned using employee compensation. This theory is relevant in compensation design. This theory refers to a system in the organisation where one or more individuals called principals hire agents for performing certain tasks and delegating decision making authority (Bernstein et al., 2016). It is advantageous because it explains different level of obedience. It leads to Agentic state since the agents work more when the orders are given with more authority. Thus it causes an agent to sometime work against their will which may affect the motivation. However, some non-profit organisations are offering their agents an incentive contracts. The agents payment depends on the value of the outcome for the principal. The outcomes of the agents are measurable, quantifiable and observable. The incentive is designed by the principal if the agent exhibit loyalty and honesty at work which in turn motivate others agents, to tell the truth (Van et al., 2016). The research findings showed that employee motivation is an essential factor irrespective of the type of organisation. It can be concluded that though profit and non-profit organisations have distinctions, both sectors needs to emphasise on their service mission to attract and retain employees who value the unique rewards offered for working in these sectors. However, organisations like McDonald's need to devise ways to capitalise on the employees distinctive desire for advancement. On the other hand, the not-for-profit organisations must come up with creative ways to be flexible with volunteers motivation and their commitment. References Akingbola, K. (2013). A model of strategic nonprofit human resource management.Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,24(1), 214-240. Al-Zawahreh, A., Al-Madi, F. (2012). The utility of equity theory in enhancing organizational effectiveness.European journal of economics, finance and administrative sciences,46, 158-170. Azeem, S. (2016). Drivers of Employee Motivation: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Bang, H., Ross, S., Reio Jr, T. G. (2012). From motivation to organizational commitment of volunteers in non-profit sport organizations: The role of job satisfaction.Journal of Management Development,32(1), 96-112. Bartlomiejczuk, G. (2015). How do Recognition Programs Impact Employee Engagement and How have Companies with a Large Global Footprint Structured such Programs to Drive Results?. Bernstein, R., Buse, K., Bilimoria, D. (2016). Revisiting Agency and Stewardship Theories.Nonprofit Management and Leadership. Bridger, E. (2014).Employee engagement(Vol. 10). Kogan Page Publishers. Emerson, L., Prang, Y. (2016). Compensation and Benefits: Company-Provided Benefits at McDonalds. InHandbook of Human Resources Management(pp. 939-950). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Karin Andreassi, J., Lawter, L., Brockerhoff, M., J. Rutigliano, P. (2014). Cultural impact of human resource practices on job satisfaction: a global study across 48 countries.Cross cultural management,21(1), 55-77. L?z?roiu, G. (2015). Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations, (14), 97-102. Miner, J. B. (2015).Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Nadolny, A., Ryan, S. (2015). McUniversities revisited: a comparison of university and McDonald's casual employee experiences in Australia.Studies in Higher Education,40(1), 142-157. Park, S. M., Word, J. (2012). Driven to service: Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for public and nonprofit managers.Public Personnel Management,41(4), 705-734. Povod, E. A., Roldugina, A. E., Dmitrienko, N. A. (2016). Analysis and Oppurtunities of Innovations in restaurant Business"Mcdonalds (as an example). , 59. Purvis, R. L., Zagenczyk, T. J., McCray, G. E. (2015). What's in it for me? Using expectancy theory and climate to explain stakeholder participation, its direction and intensity.International Journal of Project Management,33(1), 3-14. ?ahin, F. (2012). The mediating effect of leadermember exchange on the relationship between Theory X and Y management styles and affective commitment: A multilevel analysis.Journal of Management Organization,18(02), 159-174. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ... Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Van Puyvelde, S., Caers, R., Du Bois, C., Jegers, M. (2016). Managerial objectives and the governance of public and non-profit organizations.Public management review,18(2), 221-237.

The Problem Of Evil Essays - Philosophy Of Religion, Theodicy

The Problem Of Evil ?If it turns out that there is a God, I don't think that he's evil?the worst that you can say about him is that basically he's an underachiever.? -Woody Allen The Problem of Evil From the viewpoint of theodicy, the problem of evil lies in its origin: Does evil come from God? In spite of God? Using theodicy to define evil is basically an attempt to affirm God's omnipotence and his/her love for humans, with the existence of evil and without contradiction. Depending on your religious background, the weight each of these options carry may vary greatly. A theologian may argue that evil is not a theoretical problem at all, as for it to be a problem, one must question Gods' power, character, and/or existence. To them, even asking the question is a sin. A theologian may also say that evil is a practical truth, as it requires from us the courage to forgive and to heal, or they might also hold the belief that to obtain moral perfection, we must face challenges and overcome them. Other appeals often made by theologians to explain evil might be: a sin is punished with suffering; having free will enables us to make choices, either for good or for evil; and finally that Sa tan is the cause of all evil. From the viewpoint of atheism, it is a question of the existence of God. If God is all-powerful and all-knowing, then evil must not exist apart from God. For it to do so under those criterion would be impossible. This leads one to question the true power of God, and the true good of God. If God is all good, and has the power to stop evil and does not, then God must have a slightly nasty disposition, and therefore is not all good. If God wishes to stop evil and cannot, then God is not all-powerful: he/she is limited. Evil and the Original Sin The doctrine of original sin declares that when Adam ate from the tree of knowledge, he became a moral being by knowing the difference between good and evil, and having the free will to choose between these two dichotomies. This Judeo-Christian story set in the Garden of Eden is said to have great consequences on mankind. Since, according to the bible, Adam is the original father (human being), the sin of Adam is inherited by all beings born to this earthly domain, as we are claimed by the Judeo-Christian culture to be descendants of Adam. When sin entered the world through the sin of Adam, all of mankind became (spiritually) enslaved to sin: we are held in spiritual bondage to sin and the devil. To explain natural evil from the view of the original sin: we (mankind) are dependent on the proper function of our body, and if something goes wrong, we are merely the victim, not the cause of the disturbance to our bodies. We are only human. We cannot control nature, as that is Gods' domain. Therefore, there is some external responsibility with evil To explain moral evil from the view of the original sin: we have free will, and may choose to use that will for good or for evil. Moral evil serves the purpose of challenging our faith and forcing us to face our fears. This is ultimately how one gets to heaven. We are given the freedom to make immoral or moral decisions, and having that choice allows us to choose the road we wish to walk upon. Therefore, there is all internal responsibility with sin. Evil and Soul Building The soul building theodicy carries a strong hope for the future with its ultimate destiny for mankind being a close relationship with God in an eternal life.. Soul building ignores neither the arbitrary nor the excessive evil in our world. This theodicy suggests that God desires personal relationships with men and women; that God desires fellowship with humanity. It does not necessarily allude to God desiring relationships with perfect people; rather a relationship with mature people. According to the soul building theodicy, this maturity is reached by withstanding the difficult (evil?) circumstances put before you. In the soul building theodicy, there is an element of future hope. The reason for

A New Nation essays

A New Nation essays Starting things off, Lipset seems to be a very articulate man. His views on this beautiful country are exactly down to earth. Lipset began talking about how this country is the best in some areas but how we lack our supremacy in other areas. For instance I will express crime rate and military power. In Lipsets passage he stated that the crime rate in the United States is well above all other nations, but the American military is the strongest in the world. That is not a contradiction but only a mere example. Now with being the strongest military power in the world many smaller and third world countries tend to look up to us. That statement is easily represented by the fact that we are a city on a hill. This nation might be on top is some aspects of the game but there is a few things that weigh us down. We won both world wars, set peace in the Middle East, and maintained our economic prowess. But are our greatest years starting to fall behind us? According to Lipset we are starting to distrust our leaders and have slim confidence in our institutions. That does not mean that everything is going south but what it really means is that we need to get in gear and do something about these situations. Not only are the Americans aware of this but so are other nations in the world. Japan knows our educational average is below standard. Germany knows that our some of our citizens hate our democracy. So once again the eyes of many are upon this huge city on top of a steep hill. Lipset then proceeded to talk about how a lot of our fine nations essays were written under the direction of foreign pens. The only way that is possible is by comparing a culture that one is well established with to a culture that he is not that aware of. Most foreign travelers wrote about how exceptional this place is. Lipsets words say; "e ...

Anatomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anatomy - Essay Example The bone matrix is roughly composed of 65% mineralized matter, the rest being collagen and matrix. Inorganic Components in Bone matrix: They are mineral salts, mainly calcium phosphate, and some calcium carbonate. The mineral gives bone its toughness and rigidity that allows it to resist compression. Mineral salts make 65% of the bone mass and roughly 2/3rd of the matrix. Organic Components in Bone matrix: It is mainly composed of collagen It is believed, as much as 25-30% of the total organic material in a bone is collagen.. It reinforces the mineral salts and provides bone ability to be flexible and to resist breaking. In a way it acts like cords in a car tyre sidewall. The issue is to investigate the effect of vinegar and heat on the structure and properties of chicken bone. As a measure of safety, since chicken bones could be contaminated with salmonella hands were thoroughly washed before and after handling the bones and gloves were worn.

Explain how the treatment of internal and external customers is one Essay

Explain how the treatment of internal and external customers is one more important than the other How does this affect "quality" in the organization - Essay Example Internal customers are the human capital that constitutes the factors of production. The expertise of the internal customers determine the quality of the output which the influence the external customers. In a service industry for example, the knowledge and skills of the employees influence the end product which determines the satisfaction of external customers. In Hill & Allen (2007) the external customers also influence the operations of the organization. A service industry like the Insurance industry is usually operated by the needs and wants of the external customers. The needs or complaints of the external customers are normally factored by the organization with great interest. In return, the organization executes their demand with effective conditions in order to suit their tastes and preferences. Martinez & Hobbi (2008) explain that the internal customers facilitate in the marketing of the organizations services. The internal customers through effective communication and delivery of the services influence the customers’ perception. The Insurance Industry in one slippery sector that is entirely operated by the act of faith. The internal customers are required to fully disclose the benefits and terms and conditions of the policy so as the external customers can be convinced in order to purchase the product. Hill & Alexander (2006) explain the external customers act as a measure of the organization’s performance. The effectiveness of an organization’s operations can be evaluated based on the external customers’ feedbacks. A company that pollutes the environment can receive negative comments regarding activities and vice versa. In addition, the quality of its services and products can be evaluated based on their numbers (sales), feedbacks and support. The services or products delivery of the internal customers is highly on the organization’s support. The health sector for example, is a vital

Executive summary of a research in memo format Essay

Executive summary of a research in memo format - Essay Example It increases the morale, provides better access to new market segments and develops the productivity level. The discrimination-and-fairness paradigm helps to increase the demographic diversity within an organisation which ensures fair treatment to employees. However, due to its principle of every employee being the same, pressure might create among employees for assuring that differences among them do not pose as an obstacle for achieving the organisational goals. Therefore, practical disagreements about work processes or strategies can be falsely interpreted due to the fairness and equal treatment principle followed in this method. Access-and-legitimacy method has evolved after the 1980s when multinational organisations expanded their operations in different communities. The method preferred demographic workforce for accessing with the different communities in enhancing their productivity and sales in different countries. Organisations using this method have the potential of competi tive advantage from the motivation derived based on the market. However, while entering different markets, organisations tend to focus more on the cultural diversity rather than analysing factors which differs the work process. Furthermore, organisations tend to rapidly position employees in between different communities without analysing their capabilities and competencies. Incorporation of the two methods gave rise to a modern method, learning-and-effectiveness paradigm which integrates employees’ perspectives while determining strategies, product demands and also cultures. It helps in motivating employees and acknowledges different cultures while respecting the value each culture possesses. Thus, I would recommend the modern method as it consists of characteristics and principles of both the other paradigms. The learning-and-effectiveness method will be appropriate for fulfilling the overgrowing tendencies of expanding businesses in multination. Factors Affecting the Metho ds However, certain factors should be taken into concern that affect and influence the time required for implementing the diversity programmes. Implementing diversity programmes is time consuming if employees are reluctant for embracing the changed process. Furthermore, the learning-and-effectiveness method will help to identify the employees’ perspectives in implementing the different strategies. As observed in the case of First Interstate Bank which decided to employ loan officers who held the college degrees. Others were hired as support staff and were never promoted. The decision gave rise to huge protests as many employees have been associated with the bank for several years and developed the required skills of loan officers through constant training. Ultimately, the unfolding reasons indicated that diversity was not based on race or culture but class of people, i.e. educational backgrounds. Therefore, repeated protests forced the bank to change its policies and integrat e the changed processes based on the employees’ perspectives. As a result, the diversity programmes were implemented but delayed. I would suggest you to consider the concerning factors significantly and make necessary changes for effectively and rapidly implementing the

The Operations Management Strategy Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay

The Operations Management Strategy Of Hard Rock Cafe Tourism Essay Hard Rock Cafà ©, the originator of theme-restaurant dining, provides a complete rock experience through cafes, hotels, casinos, memorabilia and music venues. .Since the first opening on 14 June, 1971 in London, England, Hard Rock Cafà © has rapidly expanded and succeeded and now Hard Rock has over 171 venues in more than 52 countries, including 134 cafes and 15 Hotels, Casinos across the globe. How has a small pub become such a success? Lets evaluate the operation management strategies of Hard Rock by using the theory of Operation Management. As an industry leader, Hard Rocks strategy has changed from times to times to meet customers demands, HARD ROCK CAFEs operation strategy now is designed to be a part of the globalise experience economy, and to achieve this aim, all ten operations management decisions like Goods and Service Design, Managing Quality, Process and Capacity Design ,location strategies, layout strategies, human resources, supply chain management, inventory management, scheduling, and maintenance-are all taken into good consideration by HARD ROCK CAFEs operation management team 1. Lets first starting with Products and Service Design With the slogan Love all-Serve all, HARD ROCK CAFE welcomes all type of customers with enthusiastic attitude regardless of sex, age of class. At HARD ROCK CAFE, customers can feel the atmosphere of their providing experience with Rock world which nowhere else they can feel it. The foods at HARD ROCK CAFE are analysed and tested by the Chiefs and Operations personnel constantly review menus, and food research is ongoing.to fit the local taste. For example, fish and lobster are focused more at HARD ROCK CAFE Britain, and Thai Snack Combo is added into the menu at HARD ROCK CAFE Bangkok. At HARD ROCK CAFE, customers are provided a dining event that includes a unique visual and sound experience not duplicated anywhere in the world. Because the brand is so strong, 48% of sales are from merchandise of memorabilia one of the largest HARD ROCK CAFE restaurants in the world is in Orlando, Florida where provides over 3500 custom products, in this case meals each day with more than 1,500 seats. 2. Managing Quality Quality is the heart of the enterprise and HARD ROCK CAFE is not an exception, every single water/meal is important to HARD ROCK CAFE. They conduct numerous surveys on Quality, Food research and Suppliers research to get an honest assessment from their stakeholders, especially their customers. Their surveys are on a scale from 1-7, and anything less than a 7 is considered a failure. Then, according to customers surveys and feedback they update their menu, music, memorabilia, service and strategy accordingly to meet the quality as customers expectation. 3.Process and Capacity Design HARD ROCK CAFE uses an existing domestic model globally but also in certain instances, when necessary, uses franchises in some locations to produce a more customised experience HARD ROCK CAFE is a very big chain with capacity of providing 100,000 meals per day (including starters, sandwiches, salads, burgers, sides, entrees, desserts ..) within the U.S. this fact prove how efficiently HARD ROCK CAFE organizes its employee schedules, material, inventory.. Task 2: In the light of the above, discuss the operations management challenges and opportunities for Hard Rock when considering an expansion of its business into Hanoi. 4.Location Strategies Location can make or break business strategy and it is a major long time decision. At HARD ROCK CAFE, When considering a new location, a careful decision making process is used, it systematically narrows the search from country to city and then precise street corner for the new restaurants. To go into the right location at the right time, HARD ROCK CAFE start with a global view and look at several factors such as: political risk, currency risk, social norms, brand fit, social cost, business practices through market research, then levelled with very further details and marked for each Hard Rock now aims to the area of Europe, Latin America and Asia. Not all Hard Rock businesses are operated by itself but franchised because of political risk, economic challenges such as inflation, exchange rate, culture may affect its development. Franchises are used when it is decided that local ownership will bring a unique capability, or local conditions suggest there will be an unusual or difficult implementation. For examples, HARD ROCK CAFE in Vietnam is franchised to local partner-Viet Thai International, the owner of Highland coffee shops. 5.Layout Strategies In each location, HARD ROCK CAFE is carefully considered whether they should purchase, lease in a long term, or a new construction should be set up or remodeling the existing site In preparation for each restaurant and bars lay out, HARD ROCK CAFE always consider food protection, the kitchen flows for food preparation for maximum revenue. All the lightings, sound, screens, contemporary music, and circulation paths are designed to show off memorabilia and expose customers to merchandise for sale. The retail shops generate close to half the companys profit and are carefully integrated into restaurant layout, flow, and work stations. 6.Human resource and Job Design HARD ROCK CAFEs employees have not only job skills but also a passion about music and love to serve, convey the experience to customers. According to Jim Knight, Manager of Corporate Training: When you start talking about a human resource department that really is a true support center for such a big, international company, you kind of have to realize that the cafes and the individuals that work within can probably stand on their own when we were much smaller, but I think theres a role that human resources now plays to sort of be the conscience of the company and make sure that were doing the right thing by the people, so I dont mind us being a voice for them, and doing what we can to help recruit, maintain, to truly train them, to develop them, to grow them. Anything that we can do to support the individuals-I think thats really what human resources is all about.    Hard Rock Cafe carefully develops of their fleet to excite customers and provide entertainment. The enthusiasm of all staff members when they engage in client is one of the reasons people continue to go back Before starting to work for Hard Rock Cafe, they are trained for 2 days and received a Hard Rock value card. It is not just a card but shows the experience of Hard Rock through years. All Hard Rock employees will be proud to work in a unique working environment with its own culture which appreciates the substantial diversity and individuality, personal and professional manner. Moreover, this training also allows Hard Rock staff to undertake different positions or duties, that means one can be a waiter, retailer, front-of-the-house server or even can cover kitchen.Some Mottos of HARD ROCK CAFE: spread the spirit of rockn rollà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦contributing member of our communityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Hard Rock has the internal promotion policy as well to encourage their employees loyalty, 60% managers of Hard Rock Cafe are promoted from hourly workers Managers performance is evaluated by a target which is based on the 3-year-weighted moving average, and they will receive bonus when exceeding this target All of this human resource policy helps Hard Rock take a competitive advantage, earn more revenues and saving costs by deciding which items would be replaced. 7.Supply chain Management Outsourcing is a popular method that a big-scale organization, like Hard Rock, applying for its supply-chain management  . Qualified suppliers or vendors are chosen to ensure enough, fresh and quality meals.   Hard Rock in 2003 announced the successful participation of Avicon architect of the new supply chain and provided expertise in logistics for Hard Rock. This project led to practical results, warehouse space in North America was decreased 44%, reduced operational costs by 20%, service levels were improved by 22%, the site offered real time based on their sequence visibility, transportation cost optimization, distribution network optimization, optimized contract terms and the responsibility to protect, improve operational efficiency. Menu item selection depend on supplying right amounts of ingredients on qualified suppliers on time. Inventory Management   Innovative methods, such as Just-in-Time inventory control, can save costs and move products and services to customers more quickly. The good management of supply-chain helps Hard Rock to keep a safe and effective inventory. Foods need to be fresh and provided on time. There is not only food and merchandise, but Hard Rock also has over forty million dollars invested in one of the worlds largest collections of rock-and-roll memorabilia inventory which has over 60,000 pieces. Most of them are on the walls of his cafà © in the world. Inventory Management is responsible for cataloging the entire inventory of all the cafes. They developed inventory system through technology that tells them exactly what is in every cafe where it was in this cafe, and what is the story behind each item Every 5-6 years, Memorabilia of all cafes around the world are renewed by being brought back to Orlando to be refurbished, and then be replaced with new gear. 9.Scheduling   Scheduling for Bartenders, kitchen and wait staffs, hostesses, and retail employees is based off of sales tracking. Y When preparing and planning work schedules, they look at the sales last year and the trend for the last couple of weeks. Y They will also consider any event in the area and seasonality . We also take a look at sales trend for the past couple weeks, and then what we do from that is we come up with a sales forecast. The sales forecast is basically that nucleus that we write the schedule from. This allows Hard Rock Cafe managers can predict the volume of people may get in and enjoy in its restaurants and prepare a pretty right human, foods and services Just-In-Time to save the costs.   With successful scheduling the good reputation of the Hard Rock Cafe is enhanced. Considerations Employee preferences Changing sales forecasts Scheduling Software Profitable for both employee and the cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ 10.Maintenance   Maintenance for Hard Rock is based mostly on food preparation and storage. They have to make sure food is stored and prepared correctly. Quality and Control are key to success. At HARD ROCK CAFE, they review menu and music time by time based on the surveys done. All kitchen, bar, retail shop, lay out and equipment are maintained regularly   regarding Memorabilia,   Maintenance of inventory is done every 5-6 years, when the memorabilia was removed from a coffee shop, and refurbished. The cafe, which is then filled with new items In order to strengthen the brand recognition, Hard Rock Cafe creates its own website: www.hardrock.com and maintain a cable television program weekly on VH-1. More than 100,000 hits received through Hard Rock website and 92% of recognition is a truly great result repaying for Hard Rock efforts Question 2: In the light of the above, discuss the operations management challenges and opportunities for Hard Rock when considering an expansion of its business into Hanoi. As mentioned in above Location Strategy, HARD ROCK CAFE in Vietnam is franchised to local partner. Viet Thai International Joint Stock Company,   owner of the famous coffee shop chain Highlands Coffee, last 2009 signed a franchising agreement with UK-based Hard Rock International to develop four Hard Rock Cafe, location in Vietnam. Besides, the first newly opened coffee shop on January 22, 2010 in commercial and residential Kumho Asiana Plaza in the heart of the city, District 1, they are planning to open three new stores in the capital of Hanoi, northern Hai Phong city and central Da Nang city in 2012. according to director David Thai: The expansion of the Hard Rock Cafe, franchising in Vietnam to tap the potential of a growing economy and expanding young population, the target customers of the chain. Lets look at the operations management challenges and opportunities in detail that HARD ROCK CAFE/Viet Thai may face with when considering an expansion of its business into Hanoi Demographics   Population of Area:   not like Starbucks cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ which using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to help location analysis of population, Hard Rock Cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡s customers mostly tourists and business visitors who come from another locations, so Hard Rock Cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ doesnt concern much on Hanois population. However, the opportunities Hard Rock may have is that more and more people in Hanoi love Rock Roll music, and the labor cost is cheap . on the other hand , local people are not familiar with high-intensity work, style and culture of unique business like Hard Rock Cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ and they may not meet the service standard requirement, furthermore, the Vietnamese is very modest, so they may not feel confident to show their personality as expected by Hard Rock Cafe.   Economic Indicators  . Hanoi has the highest  Human Development Index among the cities in Vietnam According to a recent ranking of PricewaterhouseCoopers, Hanoi will be the fastest growing cities in the world in terms of GDP growth in 2008-2025. [17] The non-State economic sector is expanding rapidly, with more than 48,000 enterprises are operating under the Enterprise Law (up to 3 / 2007). [18] Trade is a powerful sector of the city. The economic structure has undergone significant changes, with tourism, finance, and banking now playing an increasingly important role. Along with economic growth, Hanoi appearance has changed dramatically, especially in recent years. Infrastructure is constantly upgraded, with new routes and an improved system of public transport According to General Statistics Office in 2010, the total domestic product (GDP) of Hanoi increased by 11% compared to 2009. . total revenue and social services at 30.5% compared with 2009, in which the total retail sales increased 31.2%. Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 9.56% in 2010 compared with 12 months of last year, the gold price index rose 37.02%, the U.S. dollar price index rose 7.44%. The average growth rate a month in 2010 is 0.95%. Visitor Market Tourists/business visitors:   In 2010, international visitors to Hanoi is 1227.5 thousand,up 20.5% over the same period, domestic tourists is 7392.4 thousand visitors, up 10%, revenue from hotels increased 26.9% Hotels   According to figures in 2007, Hanoi had 511 hotel accommodation establishments with more than 12,700 operating rooms. Of these, only 178 rated hotels with 8424 rooms. Luxury room shortage is one of the reasons that the amount of foreign visitors to Hanoi is not high. With rates are considered quite expensive in Vietnam, about $ 126.26 a night for 5 star hotel room. In addition to nine 5-star hotel is  Sofitel Plaza  , Daewoo, Hilton Hanoi Opera, Horison, , Melia, Nikko, Sheraton, Metropole, and Inter Continental, the city also has six 4-star hotel and nineteen 3-star hotel. According to the newly licensed projects and the recently approved investment, by 2011, Hanoi will have about 2,000 luxury hotel rooms. Entertainment Retail many options for entertainment in Hanoi can be found throughout the city. Modern and traditional theaters, cinemas, karaoke bars, dance clubs, bowling alleys, and a rich opportunity to shop provides recreational activities for both locals and tourists . Hanoi has been named one of top 10 cities for shopping in Asia by Smart Travel Asia. [12] The number of art galleries art galleries has soared in recent years. A popular form of entertainment is the traditional water puppetry, is shown at the Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre Sports There are several gyms and stadiums throughout the city of Hanoi. The largest is the National Stadium My Dinh , Hanoi Water Sport Athletic Complex and the Hanoi Stadium. In 2009, the 3rd Asian Indoor Games was held in Hanoi. Transportation Hanoi is served by Noi Bai International Airport, located in Soc Son district, about 40ykm north of Hanoi. Noi Bai International Airport is unique to the northern regions of Vietnam. Hanoi will have 1 more international airport, which will cost $8 billion, the highest foreign investment to date in the history of Vietnam [16] It will become the largest and most modern airport in Asia .. Construction will be done in three phases, the first phase will start in 2011 until 2015. Taxis are a lot in Hanoi and often trip meters, although it is usually to agree on price before taking a taxi trip from the airport to downtown. Cyclos tour in the Old Quarter is also attracted tourists. Hanoi is also the starting point for many of the original Vietnam railway train in the country. The Reunification Express runs from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City, with stops in other cities and provinces along the line. Trains also depart Hanoi frequently for Hai Phong and other northern cities. The main means of transportation in the city are motorcycles, buses, taxis, and bicycles. Motorcycle is the most common way to move around the city. [Citation needed] the public buses that run on many routes and fares can be purchased on the bus. For short trips, xe à ´m (literally: hug vehicle) motorcycle taxis are available Restaurants and Nightclubs ( a selection in key target market areas) Political Risk:   Vietnam is considered one of the most stably politic regimes. This allows Hard Rocks management board to feel secure to invest the business in Hanoi. Vietnam government is establishing a system of open policies, encouraging foreign investors to invest, develop Vietnam economy and create jobs for local people.   Social Risk Hanoian has the habits to drink coffee in a street-cafe with a very cheap price, processed by the traditional method, read newspapers or see people passing by. Not many people are willing to spend about VND 80,000 on drinking a small coffee that Hard Rock may apply that average price for its items. Furthermore, the local peoples taste of coffee is different. They normally drink stronger taste than the other countries. Robusta coffee here is more popular than Arabica, not as in Europe or America. However, the main targeted customers of Hard Rock Cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ are from tourist and business visitors not from local people. So these challenges are not really the one Hard Rock Cafà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ cares of. Real Estate Market:   location is a very important element for a cafe to be successful in Hanoi. The cost for a centre position (around Hoan Kiem Lake) is very high and most of them are dominated by both foreign and local cafe brands, such as Highland, Illy, Trung Nguyen (famous coffee exporter with the trademark G7). There are also potential competitors like Coffee Bean, Subway, Gloria Jeans Coffee, etc.   Hoan Kiem Lake. Similar to Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi is enjoying extremely fast development of real estate market [19]. Economic growth of urban areas does not seem to correspond to its infrastructure. Overpopulation requires a source of much larger accommodations [20] Not surprisingly,. As an effect of this problem, the apartment and real estate fever occurs during the time seriously. [21]. So, its really a big operation management challenge for Hard Rock Cafà © to consider whether renting or building the new one during the period of at least 10-15 years. Hard Rock Cafà © Comparable Market Analysis In summary, all of these elements create difficulties but also open promising opportunities for Hard Rock to decide the suitable plan when studying the business expansion into Hanoi. It always be the concern for all Operations Managers to make the right decisions, not only for Hard Rock Cafe.

The Squire in The Caterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer :: Canterbury Tales Chaucer Essays

The Squire in The Caterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer In the General Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, the narrator, Geoffrey Chaucer, meets twenty nine pilgrims at the Southwark at the Tabard Inn. They are all going to Canterbury Cathedral to visit the shrine of Sir Thomas Becket. Chaucer decides to tag along, taking some time to describe each pilgrim. The author uses many metaphors, personal histories, and examples of how they would act in certain situations to fully describe the characters in the story. However, some of the pilgrims are given only a few lines of direct description in a very straightforward, visual manner. One of the characters in the tales is Squire, who gets only twenty lines of details, focusing on his appearance, his abilities, and his sexuality. The physical description of the Squire illustrates him as if he was a Roman statue, or taken from a chivalric romance. Chaucer describes his " lokkes crulle as they were leyd in presse"(Norton, 83), average height, great strength, "Of twenty yeer of age he was" (Norton, 83), bravery and cleverness. The author illustrates Squire's youth "as fressh as is the month of may." (Norton, 83). The dress of the squire is colorful, embroidered with flowers, short with large sleeves. He is very talented, too. Chaucer dedicates some lines in the poem to the squire's skills - horsemanship, jousting, sketching, dancing, song and verse writing: "Wel koude he sitte on hors and faire ryde./ He koude songes make and wel endite,/ Juste and eek daunce, and weel purtreye and write." (Norton, 83). The physical illustration of Squire is carefully surrounded by sexual references. The author tells us in his poem that the young character is "a lovere and a lusty bacheler"(Norton, 83), who loves so hotly that he sleeps at night "namoore than dooth a nyghtyngale"(Norton, 83). Chaucer uses meadows, fresh flowers, and squire's songs as the methphors to represent the character's sexual image that hides under the portrait of the candidate for a knight. Chaucer also refers to the object of squire's chivalry, his lady. The strange thing about Squire's sexuality and his character as a whole is its neutrality. He is illustrated as powerful and effective young knight. It seems however that he is lifeless, like a stone or still statue. The squire's physical characteristics strongly hit the reader's mind, yet not much is understood about Squire. Chaucer even portrays him in a morally neutral manner, he leaves the judgement of the squire to the reader.

Chemical Reactions Are Basis of Our Life Essay

Chemical reactions are the basis of life on earth. As human beings, we are little more than the naturally abundant elements of which we are composed and the reactions between the compounds that they form. After all, how could life exist without water? Oxygen transport in a body the size of the human body would be impossible without the aid of a complex like hemoglobin. Besides being the basis of many of life’s intangibles, chemistry also plays an active role in our daily lives. Take for instance everyday household cleaning. If you’re like me, you like to eat off of clean dishes, prepare food on a clean surface, and use clean restroom facilities. Taking the cleaning of any of these areas into your own hands requires a little chemical knowledge. Have you ever scrubbed away at some grease or oil that just won’t come out? That’s because we are used to most of the â€Å"gunk† that we clean up being a polar substance. Water is also a polar substance, and since like dissolves like, most polar substances dissolve easily in water. However, when we introduce water to big greasy hydrocarbon chains (usually called alkanes, or fats and oils as we know them), the water just slides right over them and our plate stays greasy. This is because fats, oils, and waxes are nonpolar substances. If instead of using water we used less polar mineral spirits (not recommended on food prep items), those greasy alkanes would be dissolved in no time. Solubility concerns are clearly at the forefront of chemistry in the home. For two substances to be soluble in one another, they must be composed of similar materials, as we saw in the case with water and other polar substances. The interaction between water and nonpolar substances in science is termed the â€Å"hydrophobic effect,† meaning literally â€Å"water fearing. † On a cellular level, there are many consequences of this effect, but the same is true in the macroscopic world. For instance, the â€Å"greasy† feeling your skin gets when it hasn’t been cleaned in some time is due to sebum, a hydrophobic substance your body secretes as a protecting layer. Interestingly, many people wash this layer off in the shower only to replace it with â€Å"skin moistening† lotions containing lanolin, which is nothing more than sheep sebum. Another solubility problem occurs when Coke is spilled on the floor, creating a sticky mess that doesn’t seem to clean up with any normal household cleaning agents. This is because one of the main ingredients in any soda is phosphoric acid, which is a sticky mess in and of itself, not to mention the sugars and other sticky components found in most sodas. Luckily, phosphoric acid dissolves easily in water, making water (and lots of it) typically the best way to clean up this sort of spill. Acid/base chemistry also finds its way into our everyday lives. For instance, have you ever touched your car battery only to find that seconds later, you are feeling a tingling or burning sensation? This is because the battery acid is performing a dehydration reaction on your skin. That is, water is being pulled from your tissue in a chemical reaction. Luckily, armed with your knowledge of acid/base chemistry, you quickly sprinkle some baking soda on the offending acid, neutralizing its harmful effects. Or perhaps you’ve eaten some particularly spicy food or just have a little acid reflux. It’s milk to the rescue in these cases. The slightly basic milk will neutralize the slightly acidic foods in no time. So before you shove those chemistry books into the attic to gather dust, before you decide that there’s just no application to a science so complex, think again. Chemistry permeates all of our daily lives whether we think about it every day or not. There is much more to chemistry than the biological reactions occurring inside of us. Chemistry is all around us.

Who Should I Ask to Write My College Recommendation Letter

Who Should I Ask to Write My College Recommendation Letter SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you debating who to ask for recommendation letters for college? Letters of rec are a very important part of your application, and strong ones can go a long way toward making you stand out among the competition. That's why you should choose your recommenders with the same thought and care that you put into your personal essay, SAT or ACT prep, and other parts of your application. Before we dive into the key questions to ask yourself when choosing a recommender, let's review what separates the good letters from the bad ones. What Makes a Good Letter of Recommendation? Strong letters of recommendation communicate what makes you a distinct and special student. While applicants may share certain interests, grades, and activities (especially at selective schools, where a large number of applicants are highly qualified), your letters of recommendation can differentiate you from other candidates with similar profiles. Reference letters should discuss your academic ability and potential, but they should also shed light on your character and personality. They should illuminate what drives you and what experiences have shaped who you are today. Admissions officers want to get a holistic sense of what kind of person would arrive at their campus and how she would contribute in and out of the classroom. The best recommendations highlight your key characteristics and demonstrate those traits through specific anecdotes and observations. Those reading the letters should get the sense that the recommender was excited to write about you and inspired to help you on your path to college. Your recommender can rave about you while having the stories and examples to back up their praise. A recommendation can especially speak in your favor if it ranks you highly compared to other students. A phrase like, "one of the top three students I've ever taught in my career" can be a powerful statement, especially if it comes from a teacher who has taught for twenty years at your school. Finally, the strongest letters are eloquent and well-crafted. They show that your recommender took the time and thought to develop a powerful statement of support. They add something unique and interesting to your application and catch the eyes of admissions officers, many of whom read through hundreds or even thousands of applications. Now that you have a sense of what makes an effective evaluation - personal, specific, enthusiastic, and well-written - what about the flip side? What qualities make a recommendation letter not so impressive? If your teacher's face looks like Grumpy Cat's when you ask for a recommendation letter, she might not write you the best one. What Makes a Bad Letter of Recommendation? Generally speaking, no recommendation letter is going to be outrightly critical or accusatory. If a teacher, counselor, or other person doesn't feel qualified or able to provide you with a letter, then she should respectfully decline and/or suggest someone who might be in a better position to help you. That being said, there can still be bad letters of recommendation. The reason that they're bad is usually that they're mediocre, generic, and don't add anything special to your story. One major pitfall for letters of rec is that they simply repeat a student's resume. If a letter states your grades, activities, and honors, then it's basically a reiteration of the rest of your application. As discussed above, a letter should shed light on your character and personality. Otherwise, it does little to differentiate you from other applicants with similar academic and extracurricular profiles. Another quality of poor recommendations is that they don't provide specific anecdotes or examples. Listing adjectives like hard-working, driven, or generous is not that convincing. Instead, the recommender should describe situations in which you demonstrated these qualities. Like the saying goes, actions speak louder than words. Also discussed above is the power of a high ranking. Conversely, a mediocre ranking, like calling a student "above average" or "relatively hard-working" could do more harm than good. On a similar note, a short letter, like less than a page, could suggest that the recommender doesn't know a student too well or doesn't have much to say in her favor. Some students ask a principal, department head, or even someone famous or in goverment to provide them with a letter of recommendation. While this kind of letter can stand out if the recommender knows the student well, it won't necessarily impress admissions officers just by virtue of the person's authority or fame. This is only a good idea if you have a good relationship with the person. Otherwise, it could seem like meaningless name dropping. Considering what makes a letter good and what makes a letter bad, does anyone come to mind that could write you a strong, specific, and enthusiastic letter of recommendation? That's better. Who Can Write You a Strong Letter of Recommendation? Now that you know what makes a letter of recommendation especially strong, you can think about who you know that could fulfill these expectations. The first deciding factor is the requirements of your application, as these can differ from school to school. What is Required? Many colleges ask for one letter of recommendation from and a teacher and one evaluation, often called the "secondary school report," from your counselor. More selective schools, including Ivy League schools, want two teacher recommendations and one from your counselor. Dartmouth and Davidson are unique in that they ask for a peer recommendation from a close friend, classmate, or relative. Finally, some students choose to send an additional supplemental letter, like from a coach or employer, if they feel their teachers or counselor don't know them very well or it can add an important dimension. Schools typically want to see letters of recommendation from teachers of core subjects, like English, math, science, and history. If you're applying for a certain major, then it's a good idea to get a recommendation from a relevant teacher. Students applying to study engineering or at technical schools like MIT or CalTech should probably get recommendations from math and/or science teachers. Students applying to art schools should ask their painting, drawing, or photography teachers. Once you know the requirements of your schools, you can start to think about whose class you did well in. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Were you best in show in any of your classes? Whose Class Did You Excel In? Teachers are in an especially good position to comment on your academic skills and collaboration with classmates. Schools selecting for academic ability especially like to see that students have a love of learning and strong intellectual curiosity. In choosing teachers, think about whose class you excelled in, in terms of grades, participation, and effort. Which teachers taught you a lot or inspired you? Did you impress them with your commitment to group work or interest in taking on extra projects? Did you surpass expectations by taking on a sustained project, like a long term research paper or thesis? Did you show growth or effort in an area that didn't come naturally to you? Even if you weren't "best in show," you could impress them with your dedication to a challenging subject. You might also consider whether you knew this teacher in other contexts, like if she was the advisor of a club or had you for more than one class. Junior year teachers are typically the best choice for recommenders, because they had you recently and for a whole year. Senior year teachers likely don't know you that well yet, and freshman and sophomore year teachers are not very recent. Along similar lines, you want to choose a teacher who knows you well. Even if you didn't get top grades in her class, you can likely get a strong vote of confidence from a teacher who got to know your personal strengths. Who Knows You Well? Apart from considering how you performed academically in a teacher's class, you also should consider how well you know her. If you got an A but didn't speak to your teacher all year, then she can't write much for you beyond the grade you achieved. As discussed above, a strong letter should have specific stories and give insight into your character that admissions officers might not know from reading the rest of your application. Think about teachers who you've gotten to know or had meaningful conversations with. Can they speak to your effort, humor, hard work, or resilience? Do they have a sense of how you analyze and solve problems or approach challenges? Unfortunately, schools have major differences in class size and teacher to student or counselor to student ratios. Some students barely meet their counselor or have trouble connecting with individual teachers in large classes. For the most part, admissions officers should have a sense of your school profile. If this is the case, you might consider adding a supplemental recommendation. It's also a good idea to share information with your recommenders so they can more thoroughly personalize your recommendation. Whether your recommender knows you well or not, it's a good idea to help them out with a "brag sheet," or a document where you reflect on your strengths, goals, and significant experiences and challenges. You (and in most cases, your parents) can and should share your reflections and resume with your recommenders to help them write an effective letter. You can bring this information with you when you request the recommendation and discuss it with your recommender. You can also make an appointment with your counselor so she can get to know you even better and talk about your plans. Finally, you also want to consider who has the time and experience to write a strong letter. Simply put, who can write well? This kid clearly knows what he's doing. What about your teachers? Who Can Write a Good Letter of Recommendation? Your letters of recommendation don't have to win any Pulitzer Prizes, but they do need to be clear, strong, and powerful pieces of writing. You want someone who is going to take the time to craft an eloquent statement of support. The best recommenders have both experience writing letters of rec and familiarity with various colleges and their expectations. Often, students have a sense of who writes good letters through word of mouth. Your counselor may also be a good resource, as she might be able to recommend some teachers as good choices. Teachers with experience are often a good choice, although a relatively new teacher can be great too if she knows you well. You may be able to share guides on recommendation letters with your teachers, but you'd have to gauge whether they could benefit from and be open to these resources. You don't want to cause offense or suggest they don't know what they're doing. At the very least, you can share your resume, brag sheet, and information about the colleges you're applying to and future plans. While the skill and experience of the teacher is an important, if difficult to measure, factor when deciding who can write your recommendation letters, it is secondary to considering who knows you well and admires your academic skills and personal qualities. Now that we've gone over who you should ask for a recommendation letter, what about the flip side? For the purposes of avoiding the earlier described bad letter, who shouldn't you ask for a letter of recommendation? Who You Shouldn't Ask for a Letter of Recommendation As mentioned above, it's unlikely that anyone is going to write you a purposely bad recommendation and sabotage your application. However, recommenders can still unintentionally hurt your chances with a mediocre letter. So that you don't end up with a lukewarm, boring, or meaningless reference, you should make sure to avoid asking certain people. First, don't ask teachers who don't know you well. If you've barely exchanged three words with a teacher all year, then they won't have much to say. Even if they're well aware that the best recommendations letters give stories and examples, they might not have any to share. Then their letters will end up being a restatement of facts and figures, which doesn't communicate much to admissions committees. On a similar note, don't ask your principal or an influential person on the local or national level just because of her authority. If she doesn't know you as a person, then her letter will add little to your application. If you do know the person well, though, then go right ahead. Showing that you got to know your principal well as a high schooler speaks to your outstanding presence at the school. Since colleges want to see your academic ability and potential, you also shouldn't ask a teacher in whose class you performed poorly and didn't put forth effort. If you demonstrated an unwillingness to learn, challenge yourself, or improve, then the teacher won't have many positive things to say about your potential to succeed in college. Finally, consider your counselor's suggestions and general reputation of teachers as letter writers. When I was in high school, I asked a teacher who ended up giving me a generic form letter and wanted me to go through and change all the "he's" to "she's." Needless to say, I immediately asked someone else. If your teacher isn't going to take the time to write you a personalized letter, or if she doesn't know what makes a good rec letter and isn't open to feedback, then she is not the person to ask. You need familiarity combined with strong writing skills to truly communicate who you are as a student and person and stand out as an intriguing document on your behalf. While you may ask for your recommendation at the end of junior year or beginning of senior year, I would recommend starting even earlier in terms of preparing to request recommendation letters. Read on to find out how. Start early. Start Early in Planning Your Recommendation Letters College planning starts years ahead of actually applying to schools. In terms of the recommendation letters, it's a good idea to consider who you might ask at the beginning of junior year. If you usually don't participate much, push yourself to contribute more in class. If you know you're applying as an engineer, consider accepting your science teacher's invitation to join her Robotics Club or ask about designing your own independent project. The most important thing you can do is to push yourself to get to know your teachers and develop a connection with one or more of them. To some students, this comes naturally, while others prefer to work more independently. If you consider yourself the latter, then you might prefer to show your eagerness to learn and contribute with a supplemental project. Pushing yourself to participate more will come in handy when you reach college too, as many of your classes may expect debate and discussion. While you should ask your recommender at least a month before your deadline, many students choose to ask at the end of junior year. You'll still be fresh in the teacher's mind, plus it will show how motivated and proactive you are. You can also schedule meetings with your counselor to discuss your plans as they develop. You don't have to wait for her to call you down. Starting early will help you take an active and intentional stance throughout junior year, plus it will give you extra time in case your plans change or you need to ask a different recommender. Remember, if your teacher seems hesitant or overwhelmed with work, then it might be a good idea to ask someone else. To Sum Up... When deciding who to ask for a recommendation letter, you should think about whose class you did well in (grades, effort, etc), who knows you well, and who's an experienced and qualified writer of recommendation letters. Your counselor and general word-of-mouth can help fill you in on who's going to write a strong letter and who, unfortunately, might just phone it in. Avoid asking teachers in whose classes you showed little effort or interest, or with whom you barely spoke all year. The best letters are insightful and personal, so a teacher who feels like a total stranger probably won't be able to provide that, no matter how detailed your brag sheet is. Make an effort throughout high school, and especially junior year, to go above and beyond to connect with teachers in the classroom or in after school clubs and activities. The more they see you in different contexts working towards your goals and pursuing your interests, the more colorful and specific their letters can be. If you go into junior year with these goals in mind, as well as a strong idea of what your schools are looking for (whether it's strong academic potential or skills for a specific field of study), then you should have a clear sense of which people can best advocate for you with a sincere, inspired, and demonstrative letter of recommendation. What's Next? Before your teachers and counselors can upload their recommendations to the Common Application, you'll be asked about waiving your right to see your letters. Is it a good idea to sign this waiver? (Spoiler: yes). Read all about FERPA and why you should waive your right of access. Applying to college is a complex process that requires a lot of thought, energy, and planning. Now that you have a strong sense of who to ask for letters of recommendation, you can approach the rest of your application with the same awareness. Check out this article to learn more about how to build the most versatile college application. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: